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inua
Eskimo, Arctic Coast
The soul of any object or person. The word comes from the noun inuk (plural, inuit), which translates to “man, person; inhabitant; possessor, owner.” The possessive form of this noun is inua (plural, inuat or inue). Literally, it means “its man” but is better translated as “its owner,” since it can refer to the soul of an animal or object. Merkur [1985:225-226] reports:
“The term inua has generally been translated as ‘owner’ of nature, but I have demonstrated that the metaphysical conception pertains instead to the second sense. The Inuit conception of the indwellers in nature may be characterized, in Western philosophic terms, as a variety of metaphysical idealism. An inua is an idea that indwells in and imparts individual character to a physical phenomenon. As one Nunamiut put it, an inua is the ‘essential existing force’ of a physical phenomenon, that causes it to be what it is. An indweller has, employs, and is a power. As they indwell in physical phenomenon [sic], indwellers are ordinarily invisible. However ... indwellers are anthropomorphic, regardless of the phenomena in which they indwell, whenever they can be seen. In all cases, indwellers are personal beings that think, have emotions, and act with motivation ... indwellers are also anthropopsychic and social beings, who are capable of communication ... indwellers are also the ideas with which the mind thinks."
... There are many cognates for this term. For example, among the Iglulik Eskimo, the word is inusia, which literally translates to "appearance as a human being." Among the Eskimo of Point Hope in northwest Alaska, the inyua ... is conceived of as the "owner" of the river, tree, drum, and so on....
- from woodpecker
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